Oriya Language
Oriya Language has been derived from the Eastern Magadhi Apabhramsa and trace its origin to the 10th century.In the 16th and 17th century, the language fell under the spell of Sanskrit. At earliest riya literature mainly comprised of poems and prose that had religion, Gods and Goddesses as the main theme. The earliest use of prose in the language can be traced to the Madala Panji or the Palm-leaf Chronicles of the Jagannatha temple at Puri, which date back to the 12th century. The first great poet of Orissa was the famous Sarala-dasa, who wrote the Chandi Purana and the Vilanka Ramayana, both of them praising Goddess Durga. Rama-bibha, written by Arjuna-dasa, is regarded as the first long poem in Oriya language.
Then Grate poet brough the revolution in Oriya language by writing Shri Chaitanya, whose Vaishnava influence a lot of changes in Oriya Language. Balarama Dasa, Jagannatha Dasa and Yasovanta were given a new look to oriya language. The composers of this period mainly translated, adapted or imitated Sanskrit literature. A new form of novels in verse also evolved during the beginning of the 17th century, when Ramachandra Pattanayaka wrote Haravali. Then Upendra Bhanja, Bhima-Bhoi and Arakshita Dasa brought revolutions in Oriya language by giving their own art of writing. Then Sachi Kanta Rauta Ray is the great introducer of the ultra-modern style in modern Oriya poetry. Others who took up this form were Godavarisa Mahapatra, Dr Mayadhara Manasimha, Nityananda Mahapatra and Kunjabihari Dasa. Then Rai Bahadur Radhanatha Ray, Madhusudana Rao and Phakiramohana Senapati, settled in Orissa and made Oriya their own. They brought in a modern outlook and spirit into Oriya
literature.
Orissa
Orissa, a state situated on the east coast of India it has 30 districts and Bhubaneswar is the capital of Orissa.It can be divided into three broad regions: The Coastal plains, the middle mountainous range and the plateaus. Orissa has abudant with lots of beautiful rivers, mountains, sea and forests. Orissa has abundant natural resources of coal, bauxite, iron ore and chromite.
Lots of big steel industry, coal and mining factories are situated in Orissa, which helps to benifiting the conomical condition of Orissa. Huge IT companies including Satyam Computer Services, Tata Consultancy Services and Infosys have their branches in Orissa. Orissa has several popular tourist destinations like Puri, Konark, similipal, tapta pani and many more.
The state is known for its temples, especially in the cities of Konark, Puri, Sarala Temple, Ghatagaon Tarini, Goddess Bimala, Khirachora
Gopinnath temple and many more. Chilka Lake, the largest coastal lake in India is also located here. It also has Chilka Lake Bird Sanctuary, which
houses over 150 species of migratory and resident birds.
The other places of tourist interest are the Hirakud Dam on the Mahanadi and the hydel power station at Machkund. The senario of Orissa is incredible. Odishi is the famous dance of Orissa and Oriya is the local language of Orissa. Orissa is famous for its culture and arts.
Oriya Calendar-2010
A short Story on Lord Jagannath Temple
Legendary facts from different puranas state that Lord Jagannath was originally worshipped as Neela madhab secretly by a local sabara chief Viswavasu in the dense forests. Earlier the deity was in the form of “Lord Krishna’s image” made of The historical evidences are available with literary works as well as inscriptions and archaeological remains show that Puri has been the seat of Vishnu Kshetra since the 9th century A.D., when Sankaracharya (78-820 A.D.) had paid a visit to Puri in the early part of the 9th Century A.D., and established one of his four Pithas here, namely, Gobardhan Pitha or Matha near Swargadwar. Anargharaghavam Nataka by Murari Mishra, a literery work of 9th century also records the deity of Purusottama Kshetra. The Ganga Dynasty ruled Orissa from 1078 to 1434 A.D. and made Puri a cultural centre. Puri was regarded a celebrated Pitha, and the saints and seers paid their visit to Puri. In course of time Saint Ramanuja (1056-1136 A.D.) the advocate of Visistadaita philosophy, saints like Nibark, Vishu Swami and Madhabacharya paid their visit to Puri and established their monasteries. The Recent Study says that the construction of the Current Jagannath temple was initiated by the ruler of Kalinga, Anantavarman Chodaganga Dev. The Jagamohana and the Vimana portions of the temple were built during his reign. However it was only in the year 1174 CE that the Orissan ruler Ananga Bhima Deva rebuilt the temple to give a shape in which it stands today Jagannath worship in the temple continued until 1558, when Orissa was attacked by the Afghan general Kalapahad. Subsequently, when Ramachandra Deb established an independent kingdom at Khurda in Orissa, the temple was consecrated and the deities reinstalled. Jagannath Temple is one of the finest and amazing examples of Orissan architecture. The temple complex is almost square in shape, comprises an area of 10.7 acres, enclosed by two rectangular walls. The outer enclosure is called Meghanada Prachira (665 x 640 ft.) whereas the inner enclosure is called Kurmabedha (420 x 315 ft.). The walls of the temple are six mts high and they were built during the 15th or 16th century. Jagannath Temple has four entrances namely – the Eastern Singhadwara, the Western Vyaghradwa, the Southern Ashwadwara and the Northern Hastidwara. Sri Mandir is one of the best examples of spiritual culture found anywhere in India, past or present.It is believed that the food offered to Jagannath becomes prasadam, “the mercy of God. There are many Mandapas or Pillared halls on raised platforms within the temple complex meant for religious congregations. The most prominent is the Mukti Mandap the congregation hall of the Sevayats or the temple servitors. Here important decisions regarding conduct of daily worship and festivals are taken. The Dol Mandap is noteworthy for a beautifully carved stone Torana or arch which is used for constructing a swing for the annual Dol Yatra festiva. Before entering the main There are numerous smaller temples and shrines within the Temple complex where active worship is regularly conducted. The temple of Mahalakshmi has an important role in rituals of the main temple.It is said that preparation of food as offering for Jagannath is supervised by Goddess Mahalakshmi. The Kanchi Ganesh Temple is dedicated to Ganesh. Gundhicha Mandir stands at the end of Grand Road about 3 kms northeast of the Jagannath Temple. During the Rath-Yatra festival, Lord Jagannath Every day several rituals are performed at the Jagannath Temple that include Dwarpitha and Mangal Aarati (5 a.m), Mailam (6 a.m), Abakash (6 a.m to 6.30 a.m), Mailam (6.45 a.m), Sahanamela (7 a.m to 8 a.m), Beshalagi (8 a.m), Rosha Homa Surya Puja and Dwarapal (8 a.m. to 8.30 a.m), Gopala Ballava Puja (9 a.m), Sakala Dhupa (Morning food offering -10 a.m), Mailam and Bhoga Mandap, Madhyanha (Afternoon food offering -11 a.m. to 1 p.m), Madhyanha Pahudha (1 p.m. to 1.30 p.m), Sandhya Aarati, Sandhya Dhupa (7 p.m. to 8 p.m), Mailam and Chandana lagi, Badashringar Vesha, Badashringara Bhoga, Khata Seja Lagi and Pahuda. Another Amazing thing is Padma Vesha. The Padma Vesha of Lord Jagannatha is done on any Saturday or Wednesday between the new moon day of Magha and Basanta Panchami. In Padma Vesha Lord Jagannath is adorned with beautiful lotus flowers. The history behind this padma Vesha is quite beautiful and amazing. The younger brother of the last Ganga King was Mitrabhanu Dev. Mahatma Monohar Das was his revered priest. He was very famous as a devotee of Lord Jagannath throughout the State of Orissa. Once he was coming from mahindra hill, he saw a pond full with lotus flower. He was Another amazing and enchating things of Puri Jagannath is Cart Festival which is known as “Rath Yatra” through out the world. One of India’s biggest festival in Orissa. During the festival, the idols of Lord Jagannath, Balaram and Subhadra are brought out from the Jagannath temple and dragged in massive ‘cars’ (raths) to the Gundicha Temple. After an interval of nine days, the idols are loaded back onto the raths and return back to Jagannath Temple. Following the festival the raths are broken up and used to make religious relics. The main rath of Jagannath temple is 14 mts high and rides on 16 wheels each around two mts in diameter and Known as Nadighosa. A Short Story On Lingraj TempleLingaraaj means ‘the king of Lingas’, ‘Linga’ or ‘Lingam’ being the symbol of Lord Shiva worship. The Lingaraj temple stands majestically as the largest temple in Bhubaneswar, Orissa. At 55 metres high, it dominates the landscape with 150 smaller shrines in its spacious courtyard and is surrounded by massive walls lavishly decorated with beautiful sculptures. The Lingaraj temple is known for the Lingam or the phallic deity hallowed in it. Described as the ‘ Quintessence of the Kalinga architecture’, the temple is one of the famous Shaiva (followers of Lord Shiva) pilgrimages and according to Hindu scriptures, one should first visit the temple before going to Puri. Lingaraj is the religion temple of Orissa and Oriya Culture. Lingaraj temple is divided into four distinct chambers interconnected to each other;Jagamohana, Garbhagriha, Nata mandap and the Bhoga Mandap. The outer walls of the temple exhibit unparalled carvings. The beautifully carved and sculpted images of various God and Goddess of Oriya Community are unrivaled. The temple complex has three compartments and each one has a temple each. Towards south of the entrance to main temple is image of Lord Ganesha, at the back is the image of Goddess Parvati and to north is Lord Kartikya. The Lingaraja temple has got various pillars and halls which add to its beauty. The Lingaraja temple has got various pillars and halls which add to its beauty. At the main gate is the temple of Lord Ganesha followed by Nandi pillar. Its towering spire-like beauty dominates the Orissa, Bhubaneswar skyline.It represents the the peak of Kalinga(Ancient name of Orissa) style of architecture spanning over 25 centuries of progressive history. The 11th century Lingaraj Temple was built by the Orissa King Jajati Keshari, representing the Kalinga style of architecture. Surrounded by massive walls with beautifully carved sculptures, the temple stands to a height of 180 ft. The temple complex is filled with 150 small shrines dedicated to several Hindu Gods and Goddesses. Erected in red sandstone, the temple is located around the vast Bindu Sagar Lake. The noted feature of the temple is that, on top of the temple there is no trishula or Chakra. The temple only has an arrow symbol – the reason behind this may be because Lord Ram was a worshipper of LordShiva and is said to have performed pujas at the Lingaraj Temple. The main gates of the Lingaraj Temple have images of Trishula on one side and Chakra on the other side. The famous oriya Festival Ashoka Ashtami is the main festival celebrated at the The Lignaraj Temple. The festival falls on the eighth day of the Chaitra month (March – April) to commemorate the victory of Lord Rama over demon Ravana. The near by temple attactions are Ananta-Vasudeva Temple, Bindusagar and Bhaskareswar Temple. Ananta-Vasudeva Temple Situated at a distance of 4 km from the famous Lingaraj temple, this 18.29 meter high Vaishnav shrine was built by Chandradevi in 1278 A.D. Dedicated to Lord Krishna.Bindusagar or “Ocean Drop” is a tank placed north of the Lingaraj temple and is said to contain holy water from every river, lake and stream of India brought by Lord Shiva. Pilgrims from all over the country visit here to take a holy dip, with the faith that it will cure any disease due to the medicinal value of the water stored. Bhaskareswar Temple Located at 6 km from Lingaraj shrine, the Bhaskareswar Temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva. A Short Story On Fakir Mohan SenapatiFakir Mohan Senapati Born on 14th January 1843 at Mallikashpur village of Balasore district. Fakir Mohan Senapti lost his parents at early childhood and was left to the care of his wodowed grand mother. The original name of Fakir Mohan was bajra Mohan. At the age of seven, he had an attack of some unknown dreaded disease. His grand-mother made a promise at the Pir’s Dargha that if he recovers from the ailment, the boy would be turned a “Fakir”. Miraculously he recovered from the dreaded disease and become known as Fakir Mohan. The name Fakir Mohan itself implies the fusion of both Muslim and Hindu communities. Besides that, his life is also a glaring example of Muslim impact on Hindu culture. Unlike his predecessors, Fakir Mohan completely discarded the traditional theme of romantic love between prince-princess and wrote about common people and their problems in his novels. He participated in the Oriya nationalist movement and started his writing career by translating and writing text-books for schools. His first original poem Utkal Bhramana (Tours of Orissa) was written when he was 50. Chamana Athaguntha (Six manas and Eight Gunthas), his first novel and masterpiece, was serialized in a monthly magazine. Fakirmohan is now remembered for his four novels, 20 short stories, and autobiography and several pieces of poetry. Fakir Mohan Senapati, regarded as the father of modern Oriya literature, dedicated his entire life for the progress of Oriya language. Oriya FestivalOrissa is known as the land of 12 months with 13 festivals. God Makara Sankaranti:- ehi puja surya devatanka puja. Ehi puja re makara chaula puja huyee. Oriya basi ehi puja ku bahut dhum dham re palana karanti. makara chaula kakudi, chaula, khira, nadia, chena, aada, chini o kala maricha ru bane. Sri Panchami:- Ehi puja re oriya school pila mane maa saraswati kun puja karanti Maha shiva ratri:- Ehi puja re prabhu bholannath kun puja kara jaye. Oriya basi ehi puja ku bahut dhum dham re palana karanti. Ehi puja re samagra oriya basi upabasa karanti. Phagu Dasami:- Prabhu krisha aau radha kun puja huye ehi puja re. Ehi puja Holi namare bikhyata. Rama Navami:- Ehi puja prabhu rama ka janma dibasa upalakhyee puja huyee. Ehi puja re prabhu rama aau maa sita puja huanti. Chitra Purnami:- ehi puja re maa mangala puja huanti. Ehi pujare maachuali maane boat puja karanti. Akshaya trutiya:- ehi puja “muthi anukula” name re madhya bikhyata. Ehi samaya re krusakamane dhana manji bunati. ehi puja pare pradbu janatnnath kara Sudasa Brata:- Ehi puja re maa laxmi puja panti. Ehi puja re manda pitha puja Maha Vishuba sankaranti:- Eha mesa sankaranti namare madya bikhyata. Ehi puja re oriya basi savitri brata:- ehi pujare Oriya nari maane ehi puja swaami kara dirgha aayu pai Shitala sasthi:- Raja:- Ehi puja tini dina palana huyee. Ehi pujare kumari jhia maane doli Ratha yatra:- Ehi puja re prabhu jagatnnath, balabhadra o maa subhadra puja paanti. Ratha tana huyee. Prabhi ratahe biraja mana kari gundicha janti. Ehi puja Orissa re bahut dhum dham re palana kara jayee. Ebe ehi puja World ra sabu jagare palana kara jauchi. Bahuda Yatra:- Ehi pujare prabhu jagannath puni Puri mandira pheranti gundichha Chitalagi Amabasya: eha chitau amabasya name re bikhyata. Ehi puja re Oriya basi hitau gamha Purnima:- eha madhya rakhi puja namare bikhyata. ehi pujare bhuani bhaai ku Ganesha Chatruthi:- Ehi puja re prabhu Ganesh puja paanti. Ehi puja India ra sabu jagare palana kara jayee. oriya basi brunda ehi puja ku bahut dhum dham re palana karanti. Dasahara:- Ehi pujare maa durga puja paanti. Kumara Purnima:- Eha kumari jhia manakra puja. ehi puja re jhia mane nua dress pindhati. Ehi puja re khai ukhuda puja huyee. Dipavali:- Eha vaana Amabasya name re bikhyata. Ehi puja re maa laxmi puja Kartika Purnima:- Ehi puja Orissa ra golden period upalkhyee palita huyee. Prathamastami:- Ehi puja re gharara bada pua ku puja karanti urnati uplakhyee. Ehi Manabasa Gurubara:- Ehi puja re maa mane shakalu uthi dhala saadhi pindi mata laxmi ku Dhanu sankaranti:- Ehi puja re dhanu muan prabhu jagantnnath ku puja karnti. A short Story on Orissa and OriyaOrissa has been inhabited since prehistoric times, and Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, and Chalcolithic cultural remains abound. The history of Orissa makes an interesting case-study in that. The word Oriya is an anglicized version of Odia which itself is a modern name for the Odra or Udra tribes that inhabited the central belt of modern Orissa. Orissa has also been the home of the Kalinga and Utkal tribes that played a particularly prominent role in the region’s history, and one of the earliest references to the ancient Kalingas appears in the writings of Vedic chroniclers.Oriya, one of the 22 languages officially recognizes in India, belongs to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family. Oriya, along with Bengali and Assamese, has been derived from the Eastern Magadhi Apabhramsa and trace its origin to the 10th century. In the 16th and 17th century, the language fell under the spell of Sanskrit. However, during the 17th and 18th centuries, it followed a new line of approach. The history of Oriya language is divided into Old Oriya (10th century-1300), Early Middle Oriya (1300-1500), Middle Oriya (1500-1700), Late Middle Oriya By the fourth century B.C there was a centralized state in Orissa, though the hill areas often nurtured independent princedoms mostly evolving out of tribal polities. In 261 B.C, Orissa, then known as Kalinga, was conquered by the Emperor Ashoka after a bloody Kalinga war, leading to the conversion of the king into a nonviolent Buddhist who spread Buddhism in Asia. In the early second Century B . C . Emperor Kharavela, a Jain by religion and a great conqueror, had the famous queen’s cave-palace, Ranigumpha, cut into the mountain near Bhubaneswar, with exquisite sculptures depicting dancers and musicians. Although the bravery of the Kalingas became legendary, and finds mention in the Sahitya Darpan, it is important to note that a hereditary warrior caste like the Kshatriyas did not take hold in the region. Soldiers were drawn from the peasantry as needed and rank in the military depended as much on fighting skills and bravery as on hereditary factors. In this (and other) respects, Oriya history resembles more the history of the nations of South East Asia, and may have been one of the features of Oriya society that allowed it to successfully fend off 300 years of raids initiated by numerous Islamic rulers untill the 16th century. Orissa also suffered decisive defeats at the hands of Raja Man Singh (Akbar’s military general) and the Marathas, leaving it dismembered and particularly vulnerable against the British who colonized it soon after the victory in Bengal. As early as 1817 the agriculturist militia (Paik) of Orissa revolted against the British in one of the first regional anti-colonial movements. In 1936 Orissa was declared a province of British India, and the princely states with an Oriya population were merged into Orissa in 1948-1949. The cultures and languages of south India, western India, and northern India—and also those of the tribal peoples—have enriched the cultural mosaic and the vocabulary of the Oriya. Oriya Language has been derived from the Eastern Magadhi Apabhramsa and trace its origin to the 10th century.In the 16th and 17th century, the language fell under the spell of Sanskrit. At earliest riya literature mainly comprised of poems and prose that had religion, Gods and Goddesses as the main theme. The earliest use of prose in the language can be traced to the Madala Panji or the Palm-leaf Chronicles of the Jagannatha temple at Puri, which date back to the 12th century. The first great poet of Orissa was the famous Sarala-dasa, who wrote the Chandi Purana and the Vilanka Ramayana, both of them praising Goddess Durga. Rama-bibha, written by Arjuna-dasa, is regarded as the first long poem in Oriya language. Then Grate poet brough the revolution in Oriya language by writing Shri Chaitanya, whose Vaishnava influence a lot of changes in Oriya Language. Balarama Dasa, Jagannatha Dasa and Yasovanta were given a new look to oriya language. The composers of this period mainly translated, adapted or imitated Sanskrit literature. A new form of novels in verse also evolved during the beginning of the 17th century, when Ramachandra Pattanayaka wrote Haravali. Then Upendra Bhanja, Bhima-Bhoi and Arakshita Dasa brought revolutions in Oriya language by giving their own art of writing. Then Sachi Kanta Rauta Ray is the great introducer of the ultra-modern style in modern Oriya poetry. Others who took up this form were Godavarisa Mahapatra, Dr Mayadhara Manasimha, Nityananda Mahapatra and Kunjabihari Dasa. Then Rai Bahadur Radhanatha Ray, Madhusudana Rao and Phakiramohana Senapati, settled in Orissa and made Oriya their own. They brought in a modern outlook and spirit into Oriya |
